Plumb-level.



t UNITED STATES Patented June 2, 1903.

PATENT OFFICE.

PLUME-LEVEL.

srEcIrIcArIoN forming part-of nettrsratent No. 729,521, dated June 2, 1903.

Application `filed-July 16, l

To all whom t may concern:

of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Plumb-Levels, of which the following is a specification.A

This Yinvention relates to leveling instru' vments, and has special reference to an irnprovement in that type of devices employed by mechanics for leveling purposes.

To this end the invention contemplates a simple and practical construction of plumblevel comprising' means forsecuring a perfect leveling of any piece of 'work ,audities-1 sessing special utilityasa ..level for the-use.,

of, bricklayers and carpenters. Of course the linvention contemplates a plumb-level capable of general application to any use to which such adevice may be placed.

In carrying out the invention the same has in View a novel construction of level which shall be much more accurate andmore-easily;-

The invention also hasin view a construction wherein the indicating part of the level is visible from both sides or faces of the leveling-bar, as well as from the top thereof, and

also one in which the various parts areread ily removable and replaceable and are also protected from breakage.

With these and'many other objects in view,

which will more readily appear as the nature of the invention is betterunderstood, the same consists in the novelconstruction, combination, and arrangement of parts, as willl be hereinafter more fully described, illustrated, and claimed.

The essential features of the invention involved in the instrumentalities for carrying out the above objects are necessarily susceptible to modification without departing from the spirit of the invention; but a pre- 9o`z. serinnaiiaset. (Numan.)

Y 1 ferred embodiment of the latter is shown in Be it known that I, DANIEL N EvvToN ATI-- LARI), a citizen of the United States, residing at Pomeroy, in the county of Meigs and State' the accompanyingdrawings, in \vhich Figure l is a perspective View of a plumblevel constructed in accordance with the present invention- Fig.,2 is an enlarged vertical sectional view thereof. Fig. 3 is a Vertical longitudinal sectional view on the line 3 3 of Fig. 2. Fig. 4l is a detail perspective of the preferred type of self-adjusting indicator employed.

Like reference-numerals designate corre spending parts throughout the several figures of the drawings. In the carrying out of the-invention any suitable type of level-bodymaygbe employed; '.but this preferably consists of an oblong or rectangular straight bardesigned to be placed upon or against the Work'gto be leveled, said bar constituting a leveling bar and being .designated in the drawings by the numeral l. The present invention contemplates a separable assembling of the working parts of the indicating device and the removable housing thereof within the body of the leveling-bar l, .besides so constructing the latter that indica- -tions ymay be observed from either side or the top of the same. To secure this'desirable result, the body of the leveling-bar l is pro- ,vided therein with a holding-mortise 2, preferablyof rectangular formation. This holding-mortise 2 is sunk into the body of the bar from what may be properly termed the top or upper side 3 thereof, therebyforming in the top of the leveling-bar a rectangular top observation-opening 4, through which observations may be made when the lower side or bottom thereof is placed upon a wall or other piece of work.

In addition' to the top observation-opening tithe sideffaces of the leveling-bari are pierced by the arched or crescent-shaped side Observation-openings 5, which subserve the useful function of exposing indications in any and all angles of the leveling-bar, lwhile at the same time leaving a solid portion within the circle of the said crescent-shaped or segmental openings, which acts as a guard or protection to the glass face-plates of the indicating device which is housed within the holding-mortise 2.

The indicating device,which is housed within the mortise 2, essentially consists of a cas- IOO ing 6, comprising a rectangular body loosely, though snugly, registering Within the niortise 2. The body of the casing 6 includes end walls or strips 7, the top and bottom strips 8 and 9, secured, respectively, to the upper and lower edges of the end strips 7 and of a greater width than the latter to project beyond the side edges ofthe end walls or strips, and thus provide at opposite sides of the casing-body seats within which are removably received the glass face-plates 9, constituting the sides of the casing and held in their assembled relation within the seat by reason of the registering it of the indicating device as an entirety within the holding-niortise 2.

The side face-plates 9.of the casing 6 are preferably provided with suitable indications or grad nations 10 thereon, which are exposed through the windows provided by the side observation-openings 5, and at this point it is to be observed that the top strip 8 of the indicator-casing is likewise of glass and is provided with an indicating-point or graduations 11, ex posed through the top observation-opening 4.

The casing described is removably held within its holding-mortise through the medium of a cover-plate 12, seated lush within the top side ot' the leveling-bar and having an opening 13, exposing the glass-covered observation-opening 4 at the top of the leveling-bar.

Cooperating with the indications'or graduations of the side face-plates 9 and the top glass strip 8 is a self-adjusting oscillating indicator 14. The said self-adj listing oscillating indicator 1-1 is of the weighted type and is mounted upon a pivot 15, journaled in the face-plates ot the casing, whereby the indicator is thus held suspended, so as to be eX- posed through either of side face-plates or the top glass strip S.

Preferably in the'carrying out of the invention the indicator 14 essentially consists of the body having the weighted section 16 below the pivotal point thereof and provided with a plurality ot' radially-disposed pointers 17 and 18, the pointer 17 being the main or central pointer and lying between the oppositely-extending side pointers 1S. All of the said pointers are provided at their outer ends With indicating-heads 19, having guide marks or notches 2O therein. Vith the leveling-bar in a horizontal perfectly-level position the side pointers 18 lie at the extremities of the crescent-shaped or segmental observationopenings 5, while the central pointer 17 has its indicating-head directly opposite the central mark or graduation on the top strip 8.

From the foregoing it is thought that the construction, operation, and many advantages of the herein-described pl umh-level will be readily apparent without further description, and it will also be understood that various changes in the form, proportion, and minor details may be resorted to without departing from the spirit or sacricing'any of the advantages of the invention.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed, and desired to be secured by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a plumb-level, a bar havint.` a holdingmortise and provided with top and side openings in communication therewith, an indicator-casing seated within the mortise and having transparent top and side walls, the

top being provided with an'indicator or gage mark and the side walls with degree-indicating marks, a plural-armed gravity-indicator pivotally mounted within the casing and provided with designating marks or notches those of the central arm coperating with the indicating-marks on the top and both side walls of the casing.

2. In a plumb-level, a bar having a holdingmortise cut into the'npper portion of the bar, arcuate side openings communicating with the mortise, an indicator-casing seated within the mortise and having transparent top and side walls, a removable top plate having an observation-opening and serving to conne the casing in position, an indicator or gagemark on the top, and degree-indicating marks on each of the transparent side walls, a gravity-indicator having a pivot-stud supported by said side walls, said indicator comprising a plurality of substantially radial arms provided with designating-marks arranged at angles of ninety degrees from each other and a central depending weighted portion, the weight and portion ot' each of the horizontal arms being disposed in a plane below the pivot-point ot' said indicator.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

DANIEL NEWTON ALLARD.

Witnesses:

C. E. PEoPLEs, D. 1I. PEoPLEs.

IOO 

